Caspian Sea (open water)
URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/2766
Names
- Arabic: أكفوده درياو = Akfūdah daryāw 1
- Arabic: بحر الخزر = Baḥr al-Khazar 2
- Arabic: بحر الديلم = Baḥr al-Daylam 3
- Arabic: زراه أكفوده = Zarāh Akfūdah 4
- Armenian: Կասբից Ծով = Kasbitsʻ Tsov 5-9
- Armenian: Կասպից Ծով = Kaspitsʻ Tsov 10
- Armenian: Կազբից Ծով = Kazbitsʻ Tsov 11
- Greek: Κασπία, Κασπίαν = Kaspia, Kaspian 12
- Greek: τὴν θάλασσαν τήνδε Ὑρκανίαν = tēn thalassan tēnde Hyrkanian 13
- Persian: دریای آبسکون = Daryā-yi Ābiskūn 14
- Syriac: ܟܣܦܝܐ = KSPYʾ 15
See Also
TEI XML source dataTemporal Data
Show table of instances where this place is mentioned
| Event Description | Date | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| before c. 1225 | c.1225 | 877 A.H. / 1472 | 1995 | |
| 1307 | 1307 | 1307 | 1950 | |
| 1315 | 1315 | 1315 | 1950 | |
| 1325 | 1325 | 1325 | 1950 | |
| 1329 | 1329 | 1329 | 1950 | |
| 1331 | 1331 | 1331 | 1950 | |
| 1312 | 1312 | 1312 | 1950 | |
| 1337 | 1337 | 1337 | 1950 | |
| before 1464 | 1464-1468 | mid-late 15th C | 2014 | |
| c. 1050 | circa 1065 | 10th C Hijrī/16th C CE | 2001 | |
| before 1199 | 1195-1199? | 1598 | 2009 |
Sources
- 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 342 [Arabic].
- 2Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 153، 303، 342 (3) 292 [Arabic].
- 3Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 180 [Arabic].
- 4Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 342 [Arabic].
- 5L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 65 p. 51 [Armenian].
- Kasbic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1307 (no. 5) [English].
- 6L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 150 p. 113 [Armenian].
- Kasbic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1315 (no. 1) [English].
- 7L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 239 p. 192 [Armenian].
- Kasbic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1325 (no. 1) [English].
- 8L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 272 pp. 215-216 [Armenian].
- Kasbic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1329 (no. 1) [English].
- 9L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 292 p. 234 [Armenian].
- Kasbic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1331 (no. 2) [English].
- 10L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 114 p. 84 [Armenian].
- Kaspic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1312 (no. 1) [English].
- 11L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 364 p. 296 [Armenian].
- Kazbic‘ Cov: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1337 (no. 3) [English].
- 12Caspian Sea: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 3.10-11, 29 [Greek with English translation].
- 13Hyrkanian Sea: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 3.10 [Greek with English translation].
- 14Caspian Sea: Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Nasir-i Khusraw's Book of Travels, ed. Wheeler M. Thackston (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 2001), 5 [Persian with English translation].
- 15Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 74 [Syriac].
- Caspien (lac): J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 112, 119; II, 522 [French].
How to Cite This Entry
Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “Caspian Sea” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/2766.
Show additional credits
Additional credit information:
- Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; place categorization; abstract; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; categorization, matching, Armenian collection/transliteration from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts; categorization, matching, Greek collection and transliteration from Chalkokondyles' history; matching from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue; and categorization, matching, Syriac collection and transliteration from Michael's chronicle
- McKenzie Cady: citation generation from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts and categorization from Michael's chronicle
- Josh Kuch: categorization and Greek collection from Chalkokondyles' history
- Mary Papadopoulos: categorization, matching, Persian collection and transliteration from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
- Jessica Mutter: categorization, matching from Michael's chronicle