Ocean (open water)

URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/2770

The body of water thought to surround the dry land of Afro-Eurasia

Names

  • Arabic: أوقيانوس = Awqiyānūs 1
  • Arabic: البحر المحيط = al-Baḥr al-Muḥīṭ 2
  • Greek: Ὠκεανὸν = Ōkeanon 3
  • Persian: دریای محیط = Daryā-yi Muḥīṭ 4

Temporal Data

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Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. 1-2 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Laonikos Chalkokondyles. 3 before 14641464-1468mid-late 15th C2014
Events mentioned by Nāṣir-i Khusraw 4 c. 1050circa 106510th C Hijrī/16th C CE2001

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 21، 278، 282، 344 [Arabic].
  • 2Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 21، 344 (3) 231 [Arabic].
  • 3Ocean: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 1.3, 38; 2.14, 30-31, 33, 35, 38, 40, 43, 58; 3.11, 26-28; 4.38; 5.72-73 [Greek with English translation].
  • 4Arabian Sea: Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Nasir-i Khusraw's Book of Travels, ed. Wheeler M. Thackston (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 2001), 92 [Persian with English translation].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, Josh Kuch, and Mary Papadopoulos, “Ocean” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/2770.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; place categorization; abstract; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; categorization, matching, Greek collection and transliteration from Chalkokondyles' history; and matching from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
  • Josh Kuch: categorization from Chalkokondyles' history
  • Mary Papadopoulos: categorization, matching, Persian collection and transliteration from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
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