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al-Raqqa (settlement)

URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/45

A city on the Euphrates where the Dayṣan enters it.

Names

  • Arabic: الرقة = al-Raqqa 1, 3
  • Arabic: كالينكوس = Kālīnikūs 2
  • Hebrew: ראקיה = RʾQYH 4
  • Hebrew: סלכה = SLKH 5
  • Persian: رقه = Raqqa 6
  • Syriac: ܩܐܠܝܢܝܩܘܣ = QʾLYNYQWS 7, 10
  • Syriac: ܪܩܗ = RQH 8
  • Syriac: ܠܐܘܢܛܘܦܘܠܝܣ = LʾWNṬWPWLYS 9

Temporal Data

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Show table of instances where this place is mentioned
Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. 1-2 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād. 3 before 843 CEc. 820-843 CE687 A.H. / 1288-9 CE1993
Events mentioned by Benjamin of Tudela 4-5 before c.1170c.117313th C1907
Events mentioned by Nāṣir-i Khusraw 6 c. 1050circa 106510th C Hijrī/16th C CE2001
Events mentioned by Michael the Syrian 7-10 before 11991195-1199?15982009

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 62، 307، 309، 313، 317، 328، 330، 426، 450، 493 (2) 14، 39، 42، 142، 167، 207، 216، 235، 264، 265، 302، 318، 341، 510، 511، 512، 526 (3) 9، 15، 47، 58، 74، 157، 386، 414 (4) 72، 132، 172، 241، 354، 357، 366، 419، 449 (5) 88، 101، 128، 178، 334، 344، 352، 398، 419 [Arabic].
  • 2Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (4) 432 [Arabic].
  • 3Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, Kitāb al-Fitan, edited by Suhayl Zakkār (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1993), 179, 180, 181 [Arabic].
    • Al-Raqqa: Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition, translated by David Cook (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017), 164, 167–8 [English].
  • 4Rakka: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 51 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 5Salchah: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 51 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 6Raqqa: Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Nasir-i Khusraw's Book of Travels, ed. Wheeler M. Thackston (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 2001), 129 [Persian with English translation].
  • 7Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 81 [Syriac].
    • Callinice: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 121, 141, 148; II, 126, 206, 220, 286, 354, 419, 490, 525, 526; III, 3, 10, 14, 16, 20, 21, 26, 28, 30, 31, 35-39, 41, 43, 44, 46, 49, 52, 53, 55, 60, 61, 90, 92, 97, 98, 99, 100, 103-105, 116, 119, 124, 130, 195, 250, 268, 358, 359, 361, 378, 397, 451, 453, 456, 497 [French].
    • Callinicum: Michael the Syrian, The Chronicle of Michael the Great (The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex): Books XV–XXI From the Year 1050 to 1195 AD, ed. Amir Harrak (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2019), xxii, xxvii, 32 n.96, 132 n.411, 88, 200, 232, 364, 366, 370, 400, 402 [Syriac with English translation].
  • 8Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 92 [Syriac].
    • Raqah: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 141; II, 361; III, 279, 411 [French].
  • 9Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 244 [Syriac].
    • Leontopolis (Callinicum): J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), II, 126 [French].
  • 10Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 244 [Syriac].
    • Callinicum [= Leontopolis]: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), II, 126 [French].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “al-Raqqa” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/45.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; Hebrew transliteration from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue; matching from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue; and categorization, matching, Syriac collection and transliteration, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • Evan Willford: place categorization; abstract; Syriac Gazetter matching; and Wikipedia matching and GPS coordinates
  • McKenzie Cady: assistance with Arabic translation of names from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān and categorization from Michael's chronicle
  • Jessica Mutter: categorization, matching, and Arabic name collection and transcription from Nuʿaym Ibn Ḥammād’s Kitāb al-Fitan and categorization, matching, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • Liran Yadgar: categorization, matching, Hebrew collection from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
  • Mary Papadopoulos: categorization, matching, Persian collection and transliteration from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
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