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Damascus (settlement)

URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/69

A city in Syria.

Names

  • Arabic: دمشق = Dimashq 1, 3, 7, 10
  • Arabic: جلق = Jilliq 2, 6
  • Arabic: إرم = Iram 4
  • Arabic: الفيحاء = al-Fayḥāʾ 5
  • Arabic: دمشق الشام = Dimashq al-Shām 8
  • Arabic: الشام = al-Shām 9
  • Armenian: Դամասկոս = Damaskos 11-13
  • Armenian: Դըմըշխ = Děměshkh 14
  • Armenian: Դմըշխ = Dměshkh 15
  • Armenian: Դ[մշխ] = D[mshkh] 16
  • Greek: Δαμασκὸν = Damaskon 17
  • Hebrew: דמשק = DMShQ 18
  • Latin: Damascus 19-20
  • Persian: دمشق = Dimashq 21
  • Syriac: ܕܡܣܩܘܣ = DMSQWS 22

Temporal Data

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Show table of instances where this place is mentioned
Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. 1-2 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād. 3-4 before 843 CEc. 820-843 CE687 A.H. / 1288-9 CE1993
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa. 10 before 1354 CE1354-135613561997
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa. 5-9 before 1354 CE1354-1356early 1180 A.H. / 17661997
Event mentioned by an Armenian scribe. 11 1401140114011955
Event mentioned by Grigor (Tserents‘) Khlat‘ets‘i. 12 1422142214221955
Event mentioned by Mkrtich‘. 13 1468146814681958
Event mentioned by an Armenian scribe. 14 1405140514051955
Event mentioned by Yohanēs. 15 1436143614361955
Event mentioned by Tserun. 16 1401140114011955
Event mentioned by Laonikos Chalkokondyles. 17 before 14641464-1468mid-late 15th C2014
Events mentioned by Benjamin of Tudela 18 before c.1170c.117313th C1907
Events mentioned by Burchard of Mount Sion 19 c.1280c.128414th C1864
Events mentioned by Odoric of Pordenone 20 1318-13301330c. 13501864
Events mentioned by Nāṣir-i Khusraw 21 c. 1050circa 106510th C Hijrī/16th C CE2001
Events mentioned by Michael the Syrian 22 before 11991195-1199?15982009

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 168، 238، 270، 306، 307، 328، 339، 378، 407، 442، 470، 476، 521، (2) 94، 109، 115، 157، 168، 199، 224، 239، 241، 407، 458، 463، 541، 517، 534، 543، (3) 33، 130، 150، 220، 229، 238، 251، 310، 361، 438، (4) 54، 190، 242، 290، 295، 308، 374، 425، 461 (5) 10، 26، 28، 43، 101، 122، 158، 174، 244، 306، 324، 330، 436، 441 [Arabic].
  • 2Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 330، 407 (2) 154، 205، 468 (5) 42، 399 [Arabic].
  • 3Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, Kitāb al-Fitan, edited by Suhayl Zakkār (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1993), 6, 15, 20, 25, 111, 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 127, 129, 132, 137, 145, 146, 148, 150, 153, 158, 159, 160, 161, 163, 166, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 176, 177, 178, 180, 182, 186, 190, 206, 216, 217, 218, 224, 226, 243, 245, 259, 266, 268, 274, 275, 276, 278, 280, 282, 287, 289, 302, 330, 331, 347, 349, 356, 425, 426, 434 [Arabic].
    • Damascus: Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition, translated by David Cook (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017), 95, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 111, 116, 125, 133, 134, 136, 144, 152, 153, 154, 155, 157, 163, 173, 177, 203, 208, 210, 226, 229, 253, 265, 271, 276, 279, 280n, 288, 335, 338, 351, 355, 362, 433 [English].
  • 4Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, Kitāb al-Fitan, edited by Suhayl Zakkār (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1993), 124, 151, 171, 172, 219 [Arabic].
    • Iram: Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition, translated by David Cook (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017), 111, 136, 155, 157, 203 [English].
  • 5Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:281 [Arabic].
    • al-Faiḥāʾ: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 101 [English].
  • 6Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:281, 301, 304 [Arabic].
    • Jilliq: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 101, 120, 123 [English].
  • 7Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:295-335, 337, 343; 2:23, 34, 36 [Arabic].
    • Damascus: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 116-58; II, 287, 299, 300 [English].
  • 8Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:297 [Arabic].
    • Dimashq al-Shām: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 118 [English].
  • 9Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:301 [Arabic].
    • Shām: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 120 [English].
  • 10Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 4:176 [Arabic].
    • Damascus: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), IV, 916-17 [English].
  • 11L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 1 I: pp. 3-4 [Armenian].
    • Damaskos: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1401 (no. 1) [English].
  • 12L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), nos. 300, 300b I: pp. 272-288 [Armenian].
    • Damaskos: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1422 (no. 1) [English].
  • 13L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 345 II: pp. 270-271 [Armenian].
    • Damaskos: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1468 (no. 1) [English].
  • 14L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 54 I: p. 53 [Armenian].
    • Dəməšx: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1405 (no. 4) [English].
  • 15L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 505 I: p. 461 [Armenian].
    • Dməšx: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1436 (no. 1) [English].
  • 16L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 4a I: p. 7 [Armenian].
    • D[mšx]: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1401 (no. 4) [English].
  • 17Damascus: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 3.38, 43 [Greek with English translation].
  • 18Damascus: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 46-48, 52 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 19Damascus: Burchard of Mount Sion, Descriptio Terrae Sanctae, in J. C. M. Laurent, ed., Peregrinatores Medii Aevi Quatuor (Leipzig: C. P. Melzeri, 1864), I 2, 4 bis; III 11; IV 19; V 14; VI 5. 9, IX 24, XI 10, XII 3, XIII 12. [Latin].
  • 20Damascus: Odoric of Pordenone, Liber de Terra Sancta, in J. C. M. Laurent, ed., Peregrinatores Medii Aevi Quatuor (Leipzig: C. P. Melzeri, 1864), XLII 4. XLV 2. [Latin].
  • 21Damascus: Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Nasir-i Khusraw's Book of Travels, ed. Wheeler M. Thackston (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 2001), 14, 16 [Persian with English translation].
  • 22Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 14 [Syriac].
    • Damas: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 25, 62, 70, 82, 149; II, 172, 400, 420, 421, 432, 444, 450, 453, 459, 461, 468, 477, 481, 492, 502, 509; III, 22-42, 74, 76, 77, 80, 83, 98, 105, 107, 110, 172, 178, 179, 192, 216, 217, 223, 226, 227, 239, 240, 245, 248, 255, 276, 312, 316, 318, 325, 329, 339, 349, 353, 356, 358, 361, 364, 365, 370, 374, 378, 379, 382, 386, 404, 406, 408, 410, 411, 451, 461, 467, 497, 523 [French].
    • Damascus: Michael the Syrian, The Chronicle of Michael the Great (The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex): Books XV–XXI From the Year 1050 to 1195 AD, ed. Amir Harrak (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2019), xiv, xv, xxi, 36 & n.109, 50 & n.154, 80, 132, 134, 146, 152, 176, 178 & n.531, 188, 194, 208, 248, 326, 348, 354, 360 & n.1012, 364, 370, 376, 378, 380, 386, 394, 404, 410, 416, 450, 452 n.1208, 454, 458, 464, 466 [Syriac with English translation].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “Damascus” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/69.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; categorization, matching, Arabic collection and transliteration from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; categorization, matching, Armenian collection/transliteration from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts; categorization, matching, Greek transliteration from Chalkokondyles' history; Hebrew transliteration from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue; matching from Laurent's Peregrinatores medii aevi quattuor; matching from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue; and categorization, matching, Syriac collection and transliteration, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • Evan Willford: place categorization; abstract; Syriac Gazetter matching; Wikipedia matching and GPS coordinates; and matching from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account
  • Jessica Mutter: categorization, matching, and Arabic name collection and transcription from Nuʿaym Ibn Ḥammād’s Kitāb al-Fitan and categorization, matching, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • McKenzie Cady: citation generation from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts and categorization from Michael's chronicle
  • Josh Kuch: categorization and Greek collection from Chalkokondyles' history
  • Liran Yadgar: categorization, matching, Hebrew collection from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
  • Margaret Gaida: categorization from Laurent's Peregrinatores medii aevi quattuor
  • Mary Papadopoulos: categorization, matching, Persian collection and transliteration from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
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