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Pharos (building)

URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/745

The lighthouse of Alexandria

Names

  • Arabic: منارة الإسكندرية = Manārat al-Iskandariyya 1
  • Arabic: المنارة = al-Manāra 2
  • Arabic: المنار = al-Manār 3
  • Hebrew: המנורה = HMNWRH 4
  • Hebrew: מנאר אלאסכנדריאה = MNʾR ʾLʾSKNDRYʾH 5

Temporal Data

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Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. 1 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād. 2 before 843 CEc. 820-843 CE687 A.H. / 1288-9 CE1993
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa. 3 before 1354 CE1354-1356early 1180 A.H. / 17661997
Events mentioned by Benjamin of Tudela 4-5 before c.1170c.117313th C1907

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 186-188 (2) 465 (5) 199 [Arabic].
  • 2Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, Kitāb al-Fitan, edited by Suhayl Zakkār (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1993), 311, 313 [Arabic].
    • Lighthouse of Alexandria: Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition, translated by David Cook (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017), 315, 317 [English].
  • 3Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:181 [Arabic].
    • lighthouse: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 19, 20 [English].
  • 4Lighthouse: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 104, 105 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 5Manar al Iskandariyyah: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 104 [Hebrew with English translation].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “Pharos” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/745.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; place categorization; abstract; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; categorization, matching, Arabic collection and transliteration from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; and Hebrew transliteration from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
  • Jessica Mutter: categorization, matching, and Arabic name collection and transcription from Nuʿaym Ibn Ḥammād’s Kitāb al-Fitan
  • Evan Willford: matching from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account
  • Liran Yadgar: categorization, matching, Hebrew collection from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
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