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Samarqand (settlement)

URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/846

A Central Asian city, capital of Soghdia, and later of Timur-i Lang.

Names

  • Arabic: سمرقند = Samarqand 1, 3
  • Arabic: الإسكندرية = al-Iskandariyya 2
  • Armenian: Սամարղանդ = Samarghand 4-6
  • Armenian: Սամըրղանդ = Saměrghand 7
  • Armenian: Սըմըրղանդ = Sěměrghand 5
  • Armenian: Սըմըրղանտ = Sěměrghant 8
  • Armenian: Սըմըրղընդ = Sěměrghěnd 5, 9-10
  • Armenian: Սըմրղանդ = Sěmrghand 11
  • Armenian: Սմըրղան = Směrghan 12
  • Armenian: Սմըրղընդ = Směrghěnd 13
  • Armenian: Սմրղանդ = Smrghand 14
  • Greek: Σαμαρχάνδην = Samarkhandēn 15
  • Greek: Σαμαρχάνδης, Σαμαρχάνδην = Samarkhandēs, Samarkhandēn 16
  • Greek: Σαμαρχάνδιν = Samarkhandin 17
  • Hebrew: סמרכנת = SMRKNT 18
  • Hebrew: סמרכות = SMRKWT 19
  • Hebrew: שמרכנת = ŚMRKNT 20
  • Persian: سمرقند = Samarqand 21

Temporal Data

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Show table of instances where this place is mentioned
Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. 1-2 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa. 3 before 1354 CE1354-1356early 1180 A.H. / 17661997
Event mentioned by Grigor (Tserents‘) Khlat‘ets‘i. 4 1400140014001950
Event mentioned by Grigor (Tserents‘) Khlat‘ets‘i. 5 1422142214221955
Event mentioned by an Armenian scribe. 6 1429142914291955
Event mentioned by Dawit‘. 7 1432143214321955
Event mentioned by Aṛak‘el Siwnets‘i. 8 1403140314031955
Event mentioned by Step‘anos. 9 1395139513951950
Event mentioned by Yovanēs. 10 1400140014001950
Event mentioned by Israyēl. 11 1469146914691958
Event mentioned by Manuēl. 12 1405140514051955
Event mentioned by Karapet. 13 1389138913891950
Event mentioned by Step‘annos. 14 1388138813881950
Event mentioned by Laonikos Chalkokondyles. 15-17 before 14641464-1468mid-late 15th C2014
Events mentioned by Benjamin of Tudela 18-20 before c.1170c.117313th C1907
Events mentioned by Nāṣir-i Khusraw 21 c. 1050circa 106510th C Hijrī/16th C CE2001

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 145، 153، 172، 173، 183، 189، 195، 197، 260، 288، 289، 307، 308، 317، 336، 352، 375، 383، 403، 498، 499، 506 (2) 10، 17، 20، 32، 57، 59، 95، 111، 191، 336، 346، 347، 349، 356، 360، 367، 374، 390، 450، 451، 543 (3) 4، 7، 39، 42، 43، 50، 55، 78، 111، 126، 128، 137، 141، 223، 239، 246، 255، 264، 305، 309، 315، 364، 370 (4) 184، 187، 204، 218، 232، 241، 247، 249، 253، 257، 268، 278، 303، 342، 357، 375، 406، 428، 435، 442، 460، 461، 469، 482، 484، 495 (5) 32، 33، 50، 79، 90، 122، 244، 253، 261، 276، 306، 312، 347، 369، 372، 375، 453 [Arabic].
  • 2Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 183 [Arabic].
  • 3Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 3:34-38 [Arabic].
    • Samarqand: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), III, 567, 569 [English].
  • 4L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 784a pp. 627-629 [Armenian].
    • Samarłand: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1400 (no. 1) [English].
  • 5L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), nos. 300, 300b I: pp. 272-288 [Armenian].
    • Samarłand, Səmərłand, Səmərłənd: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1422 (no. 1) [English].
  • 6L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 417 I: p. 391 [Armenian].
    • Samarłand: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1429 (no. 1) [English].
  • 7L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 448a I: p. 419 [Armenian].
    • Samərłand: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1432 (no. 1) [English].
  • 8L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 35 I: pp. 35-36 [Armenian].
    • Səmərłant: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1403 (no. 3) [English].
  • 9L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 762 p. 611 [Armenian].
    • Səmərłənd: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1395 (no. 1) [English].
  • 10L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), nos. 785a, c pp. 630, 631 [Armenian].
    • Səmərłənd: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1400 (no. 2) [English].
  • 11L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 364 II: p. 281 [Armenian].
    • Səmrłand: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1469 (no. 2) [English].
  • 12L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 51a I: p. 50 [Armenian].
    • Smərłan: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1405 (no. 1) [English].
  • 13L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 725a pp. 577-579 [Armenian].
    • Smərłənd: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1389 (no. 1) [English].
  • 14L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 720 pp. 574-575 [Armenian].
    • Smrłand: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1388 (no. 3) [English].
  • 15Samarkand: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 2.9, 54; 3.70-71 [Greek with English translation].
  • 16Samarkand: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 2.59; 3.4, 6-7, 10, 21, 23, 70, 72; 7.69 [Greek with English translation].
  • 17Samarkand: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 3.4 [Greek with English translation].
  • 18Samarkand: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 62, 75 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 19Samarkand: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 82 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 20Samarkand: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 57 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 21Samarkand: Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Nasir-i Khusraw's Book of Travels, ed. Wheeler M. Thackston (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 2001), 17 [Persian with English translation].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “Samarqand” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 13, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/846.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; abstract; Syriac Gazetter matching; Wikipedia matching and GPS coordinates; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; categorization, matching, Arabic collection and transliteration from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; categorization, matching, Armenian collection/transliteration from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts; categorization, matching, Greek collection and transliteration from Chalkokondyles' history; Hebrew transliteration from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue; and matching from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
  • Evan Willford: place categorization and matching from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account
  • McKenzie Cady: citation generation from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts
  • Josh Kuch: categorization from Chalkokondyles' history
  • Liran Yadgar: categorization, matching, Hebrew collection from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
  • Mary Papadopoulos: categorization, matching, Persian collection and transliteration from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
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