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barbarians

URI https://medievalmideast.org/practice/494

A term for people who do not speak the same language as the user of the term

Names

  • Hebrew: לעזים = LʿZYM 1
  • Syriac: ܒܪܒܪ̈ܝܐ = BRBRYʾ 2

Temporal Data

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Event DescriptionDate
Events mentioned by Benjamin of Tudela1 before c.1170c.117313th C1907
Events mentioned by Michael the Syrian2 before 11991195-1199?15982009

Sources

  • 1Barbarians: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 23 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 2Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 144 [Syriac].
    • Barbares: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 278; II, 354, 361; III, 74, 88 [French].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “barbarians” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/practice/494.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; abstract; matching, Hebrew transliteration from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue; and matching, Syriac name collection and transliteration from Michael's chronicle
  • Liran Yadgar: Hebrew collection from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
  • Jessica Mutter: matching from Michael's chronicle
  • McKenzie Cady: categorization from Michael's chronicle
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