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ṣalāt

URI https://medievalmideast.org/practice/70

Muslim prescribed prayers

Names

  • Arabic: صلاة, صلوات = ṣalāh, ṣalawāt 1
  • Armenian: նամազ = namaz 2
  • Greek: προσεύχεσθαι = proseukhesthai 3
  • Syriac: ܚܡܫ ܙܒܢܝ̈ܢ ܡܨܠܝܢ ܒܝܘܡܐ = ḤMSh ZBNYN MṢLYN BYWMʾ 4

Temporal Data

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Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa.1 before 1354 CE1354-1356early 1180 A.H. / 17661997
Event mentioned by Aṛak‘el Baghishets‘i.2 before 1453late 15th C15561957
Event mentioned by Laonikos Chalkokondyles.3 before 14641464-1468mid-late 15th C2014
Events mentioned by Michael the Syrian4 before 11991195-1199?15982009

Sources

  • 1Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:186, 397 [Arabic].
    • ritual prayers: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 23, 230 [English].
  • 2H.S. Anasyan, ed., Haykakan Aghbyurnerĕ Byuzandiayi Ankman Masin (Yerevan: Haykakan SSṚ Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1957), pp. 64-77 [Armenian].
    • namaz: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1453 (no. 2) [English].
  • 3pray: Laonikos Chalkokondyles, The Histories, ed. Anthony Kaldellis (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014), para. 3.15 [Greek with English translation].
  • 4Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 410 [Syriac].
    • J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), II, 405 [French].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “ṣalāt” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified November 10, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/practice/70.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; abstract; categorization, matching, Arabic collection and transliteration from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; matching, Armenian collection/transliteration from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts; categorization, matching, Greek collection and transliteration from Chalkokondyles' history; and matching, Syriac name collection and transliteration from Michael's chronicle
  • McKenzie Cady: citation generation from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts
  • Josh Kuch: categorization from Chalkokondyles' history
  • Jessica Mutter: matching from Michael's chronicle
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