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Turks

URI https://medievalmideast.org/person/2219

A group

Names

  • Arabic: الترك = al-Turk 1, 3
  • Arabic: الأتراك = al-Atrāk 2, 4
  • Armenian: Ազգն Թուրքաց = Azgn T‘urk‘ats‘ 5-6
  • Armenian: Թուրք = T‘urk‘ 7-27
  • Armenian: Թուրքաց = T‘urk‘ats‘ 28
  • Armenian: Թուրքն = T‘urk‘n 29
  • Syriac: ܛܘܪ̈ܩܝܐ = ṬWRQYʾ 30
  • Syriac: ܬܘܪ̈ܟܝܐ = TWRKYʾ 31

Attributes

  • Group

Temporal Data

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Show table of instances where this person is mentioned
Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī.1-2 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād.3 before 843 CEc. 820-843 CE687 A.H. / 1288-9 CE1993
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa.4 before 1354 CE1354-1356early 1180 A.H. / 17661997
Event mentioned by T‘oros.5 1336133613361950
Event mentioned by Aṛak‘el Baghishets‘i.6 before 1453late 15th C15561957
Event mentioned by Vardan Ghrimets‘i.7 1366136613661950
Event mentioned by Simēon.8 1371137113711950
Event mentioned by Simēon.9 1392139213921950
Event mentioned by Grigor (Tserents‘) Khlat‘ets‘i.10 1393139313931950
Event mentioned by Pawghos.11 1398139813981950
Event mentioned by Yovanēs.12 1407140714071955
Event mentioned by Zak‘aray.13 1417141714171955
Event mentioned by Yovhannēs.14 1421142114211955
Event mentioned by Grigor (Tserents‘) Khlat‘ets‘i.15 1422142214221955
Event mentioned by T‘umay Minasents‘.16 1425142514251955
Event mentioned by T‘uma Minasents‘.17 1428142814281955
Event mentioned by T‘umay Minasents‘.18 1444144414441955
Event mentioned by T‘umay Minasents‘.19 1445144514451955
Event mentioned by Astuatsatur.20 1449144914491955
Event mentioned by Karapet.21 1451145114511958
Event mentioned by Abraham Ankiwrats‘i.22 before 1453late 15th C16171957
Event mentioned by Yovanēs.23 1454145414541958
Event mentioned by Yovhannēs.24 1455145514551958
Event mentioned by Mkrtich‘.25 1459145914591958
Event mentioned by Dawit‘.26 1462146214621958
Event mentioned by an Armenian scribe.27 1468146814681958
Event mentioned by T‘adēos.28 1303130313031950
Event mentioned by Yōvasab Aparanets‘i.29 1421142114211955
Events mentioned by Michael the Syrian30-31 before 11991195-1199?15982009

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 175، 218، 385، 476 (2) 10، 23 (3) 15، 211، 316 (4) 292، 295، 430، 494 (5) 2، 364 [Arabic].
  • 2Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (2) 10 (4) 292 [Arabic].
  • 3Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, Kitāb al-Fitan, edited by Suhayl Zakkār (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1993), 127, 128, 129, 155, 170, 184, 187, 206, 224, 243, 287, 288, 290, 297, 333, 406, 412, 414, 415, 416 [Arabic].
    • Turks: Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition, translated by David Cook (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017), 113, 114, 115, 116–17, 155, 173, 208, 285, 290, 301, 341, 414, 419–25 [English].
  • 4Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 2:34 [Arabic].
    • Turks: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), II, 299 [English].
  • 5L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 356 p. 290 [Armenian].
    • Azgn T‘urk‘ac‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1336 (no. 5) [English].
  • 6H.S. Anasyan, ed., Haykakan Aghbyurnerĕ Byuzandiayi Ankman Masin (Yerevan: Haykakan SSṚ Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1957), pp. 64-77 [Armenian].
    • Azgn T‘urk‘ac‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1453 (no. 2) [English].
  • 7L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 577a p. 473 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1366 (no. 1) [English].
  • 8L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 612 p. 499 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1371 (no. 3) [English].
  • 9L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 743 p. 597 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1392 (no. 1) [English].
  • 10L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), nos. 746a, b pp. 599-601 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1393 (no. 1) [English].
  • 11L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), nos. 779a-b pp. 622-623 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1398 (no. 2) [English].
  • 12L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 72a I: pp. 66-70 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1407 (no. 1) [English].
  • 13L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 212a I: p. 198 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1417 (no. 2) [English].
  • 14L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 280 I: p. 255 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1421 (no. 4) [English].
  • 15L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), nos. 300, 300b I: pp. 272-288 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1422 (no. 1) [English].
  • 16L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), nos. 345a, b I: pp. 326-327 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1425 (no. 1) [English].
  • 17L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 400a I: pp. 374-376 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1428 (no. 1) [English].
  • 18L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 637a I: pp. 563-566 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1444 (no. 2) [English].
  • 19L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 653 I: pp. 579-581 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1445 (no. 1) [English].
  • 20L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 704 I: pp. 622-629 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1449 (no. 1) [English].
  • 21L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 5 II: pp. 5-6 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1451 (no. 5) [English].
  • 22H.S. Anasyan, ed., Haykakan Aghbyurnerĕ Byuzandiayi Ankman Masin (Yerevan: Haykakan SSṚ Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1957), pp. 35-55 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1453 (no. 3) [English].
  • 23L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 53a II: p. 42 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1454 (no. 3) [English].
  • 24L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 72 II: p. 55 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1455 (no. 2) [English].
  • 25L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 155 II: p. 118 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1459 (no. 3) [English].
  • 26L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 216b II: p. 169 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1462 (no. 1) [English].
  • 27L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1958), no. 349 II: pp. 273-274 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1468 (no. 4) [English].
  • 28L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XIV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1950), no. 16a p. 15 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘ac‘: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1303 (no. 3) [English].
  • 29L. S. Khach‘ikyan, ed., XV Dari Hayeren Dzeṛagreri Hishatakaranner (Yerevan: Haykakan S. S. Ṛ. Gitut‘yunneri Akademiayi Hratarakch‘ut‘yun, 1955), no. 296 I: p. 270 [Armenian].
    • T‘urk‘n: Avedis K. Sanjian, Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts, 1301-1480: A Source for Middle Eastern History (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1969), 1421 (no. 14) [English].
  • 30Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 10 [Syriac].
    • Turcs: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 18, 31, 103, 166, 353, 473; II, 314, 315, 363, 424, 430, 483, 490, 501; III, 146, 149-160, 162, 165, 170, 172, 190, 191, 207, 222, 226, 274, 277, 295, 345, 371, 372, 375, 441 [French].
    • Turks: Michael the Syrian, The Chronicle of Michael the Great (The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex): Books XV–XXI From the Year 1050 to 1195 AD, ed. Amir Harrak (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2019), ix, xv, xvi, xxvii, 2, 26, 28 n.86, 44, 52, 60, 62, 78, 82, 86, 106, 116, 232, 322, 366, 380 [Syriac with English translation].
  • 31Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 569 [Syriac].
    • Tourkayê: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), III, 149 [French].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “Turks” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified November 7, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/person/2219.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; gender assignment, matching, and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; matching, Arabic transliteration from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; matching, Armenian collection/transliteration from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts; and matching, Syriac collection and transliteration, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • Jessica Mutter: matching, Arabic name collection and transcription from Nuʿaym Ibn Ḥammād’s Kitāb al-Fitan; Arabic collection from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; and matching, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • McKenzie Cady: citation generation from Sanjian's Colophons of Armenian Manuscripts and categorization from Michael's chronicle
  • Laurel Kenner: incorporated Harrak's pages
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