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Tyre (settlement)

URI https://medievalmideast.org/place/194

An important port city of the eastern Mediterranean Sea west of Damascus.

Names

  • Arabic: صور = Ṣūr 1-3
  • Hebrew: צור = ṢWR 4
  • Latin: Tyrus 5-7
  • Persian: صور = Ṣūr 8
  • Syriac: ܨܘܪ = ṢWR 9-10

Temporal Data

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Show table of instances where this place is mentioned
Event DescriptionDate
Event mentioned by Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī. 1 before c. 1225c.1225877 A.H. / 14721995
Event mentioned by Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād. 2 before 843 CEc. 820-843 CE687 A.H. / 1288-9 CE1993
Event mentioned by Ibn Baṭṭūṭa. 3 before 1354 CE1354-1356early 1180 A.H. / 17661997
Events mentioned by Benjamin of Tudela 4 before c.1170c.117313th C1907
Events mentioned by Burchard of Mount Sion 5 c.1280c.128414th C1864
Events mentioned by Riccoldo da Montecroce 6 c. 1289c.129014th C1864
Events mentioned by Wilbrand of Oldenburg 7 1211-1212c.122216th C1864
Events mentioned by Nāṣir-i Khusraw 8 c. 1050circa 106510th C Hijrī/16th C CE2001
Events mentioned by Michael the Syrian 9-10 before 11991195-1199?15982009

Sources

  • 1Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, Muʿjam al-buldān (Beirut: Dār Ṣādr, 1995), (1) 148، 158، 182 (2) 141 (3) 356، 402، 433 (4) 144 [Arabic].
  • 2Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, Kitāb al-Fitan, edited by Suhayl Zakkār (Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1993), 151, 245, 307, 327, 432 [Arabic].
    • Tyre: Nuʿaym b. Ḥammād, The Book of Tribulations: The Syrian Muslim Apocalyptic Tradition, translated by David Cook (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2017), 136, 229, 314, 443 [English].
  • 3Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, Riḥlat Ibn Baṭṭūṭa: al-musammāt Tuḥfat al-niẓār fī gharāʾib al-amṣār wa-ʿajāʾib al-asfār, edited by ʿAbd al-Hādī al-Tāzī (al-Ribāṭ: Akādīmiyyat al-Mamlaka al-Maghribiyya, 1417 H [1996-97]), 1:258 [Arabic].
    • Tyre: H. A. R. Gibb, C. F. Beckingham, and A. D. H. Bivar, trans., The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, A.D. 1325-1354 (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1958-2000), I, 83-4 [English].
  • 4Tyre: Marcus N. Adler, ed., The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela (London: Frowde, 1907), 30, 31 [Hebrew with English translation].
  • 5Tyrus: Burchard of Mount Sion, Descriptio Terrae Sanctae, in J. C. M. Laurent, ed., Peregrinatores Medii Aevi Quatuor (Leipzig: C. P. Melzeri, 1864), I 2, II 1. 3. 4. 5 bis. 8. 14 bis. 18. 25, III 2 bis. 12, IV 5. 19, XIII 12. [Latin].
  • 6Tyrus: Riccoldo da Montecroce, Liber Peregrinationis, in J. C. M. Laurent, ed., Peregrinatores Medii Aevi Quatuor (Leipzig: C. P. Melzeri, 1864), VII 1. [Latin].
  • 7Tyrus: Wilbrand of Oldenburg, Peregrinatio, in J. C. M. Laurent, ed., Peregrinatores Medii Aevi Quatuor (Leipzig: C. P. Melzeri, 1864), I 2 pass.-3, 4. 6.-4, 9.-8, 12. 13. [Latin].
  • 8Tyre: Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Nasir-i Khusraw's Book of Travels, ed. Wheeler M. Thackston (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda, 2001), 19 [Persian with English translation].
  • 9Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 47 [Syriac].
    • Tyr: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), I, 76, 92, 99, 100, 103, 241, 262; II, 48, 325, 367, 368, 371; III, 61, 172, 191, 211, 222, 223, 332, 404, 405 [French].
    • Tyre: Michael the Syrian, The Chronicle of Michael the Great (The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex): Books XV–XXI From the Year 1050 to 1195 AD, ed. Amir Harrak (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2019), xv, 36, 76, 120, 144, 145, 450, 452 [Syriac with English translation].
  • 10Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, ed., The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great (Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2009), 765 [Syriac].
    • Çôr: J.-B. Chabot, trans., Chronique de Michel le Syrien (Paris: Ernest Leroux, 1901), III, 469 [French].

How to Cite This Entry

Thomas A. Carlson, et al., “Tyre” in Thomas A. Carlson, ed. Historical Index of the Medieval Middle East, last modified September 16, 2021, https://medievalmideast.org/place/194.

Additional credit information:

  • Thomas A. Carlson: Data merging and XML; matching and transliteration from Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī’s Muʿjam al-Buldān; categorization, matching, Arabic collection and transliteration from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account; Hebrew transliteration from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue; matching from Laurent's Peregrinatores medii aevi quattuor; matching from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue; and categorization, matching, Syriac collection and transliteration, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • Evan Willford: place categorization; abstract; Syriac Gazetter matching; Wikipedia matching and GPS coordinates; and matching from Ibn Baṭṭūṭa's travel account
  • Jessica Mutter: categorization, matching, and Arabic name collection and transcription from Nuʿaym Ibn Ḥammād’s Kitāb al-Fitan and categorization, matching, and reconciling Harrak's pages from Michael's chronicle
  • Liran Yadgar: categorization, matching, Hebrew collection from Benjamin of Tudela's travelogue
  • Margaret Gaida: categorization from Laurent's Peregrinatores medii aevi quattuor
  • Mary Papadopoulos: categorization, matching, Persian collection and transliteration from Nāṣir-i Khusraw's travelogue
  • McKenzie Cady: categorization from Michael's chronicle
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